Packing for pump pistons and the like



G. C. DEAKINS ET AL PACKING FOR PUMP PISTONS AND THE LIKE sem. 18, 1923. 1,468,459"

Filed Sept. 22 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 *Y il l s v 112559 1L v Sept. 18 w23. lf'@ G. c.` Dx-:AKINS ET' Al.

P KING FORJUMP PISTONS AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 22. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 jade/fans:

" Original application filed November 11,

r relative toveach other,

Y Patented Sept. 18, 1923.

Y racnn'e Fon. PUMP rrsrons ToaZZ @or-0m t conformi.' f Y ,Y

Beit known that we, Gnovnn C. Dnanrns and Ln-LANDS.. Hanna, bothcitizcns of the United States, residing in Anaheim, county oit` Orange, State of Califo1'nia,and Fullerton, county of Grange, State of California., respectively, have jointly invented newand useful Improvements ina-Packing for Funi Pistonsl and the Like, of whichthe following isa speciication. Y n' Y f This invent-ion has i to .do with.- packing Ineensfor useinreciprocating pumps, en gines, and the like, to forni a iiuid Vtight joint between two part-s `which reciprocate andl it is `an lobject Ot the inventionto 4provide a-silnple, etective, improved means lof Athis character. This application is ya divisional continuation of our Ycopending application entitled- Eri pansible packing' drums for pump pistons and'the like,VSerial-li\lo. 337,330, filed Nov. 11,1919. y m 1' .Y In the `present-d-isc'lotsu-re we set forth a typical forni 'of the invention in connection with the piston .of an Aordinary reciprocat-A ing pump as such application is typical and will facilitate a clear accurate understanding of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention isiiotvspecilically limited infa'pplication and that the present disclosure is not to be Vconsidered a limitation. y vrihe arrangement and manner of operation ofV the packing .operating mechanism are .particularly importantand noteworthy phases or features of Vour inventionyThe ackinfr o eratinc: mechanism is larrano'ed n i, h

f of the 1n a manner which permitsiof the puinp being otiooinpact, simple construetioniand at the :same tinie y great capacity. This'inechanisniis operated from a` point Aoutside .ofA the cylinder in which the piston works and fronr 4one. side pulnp orpunip part by which it isA carried. Further, `1n operation the `inechaf nism is forceful orpowerful and at the same time -is capable of delicate ustment.

he various objects and features of the best and more full-y un:` derstood from theY following detailed description of .atypical application kand vernbo iment ofthe' invention reference is had tothe accompanying-draw ings .in which; Y

PME

and comprises,

is comparatively -longzand ofI shoulder 26 formed by throughout which A i titane 'r orales.; y n

. Hanna', or FULLERTON, CALI# armo c. Winsor, or Los normanna MCMVAY 0F NHM, oanrroniva.

ann train LIKE.

1912,-Se1al No. 337,339. Divided and this application filed Sepe tember 22, 13921.` Serial No. 502,472. .i

Figfl is a side elevation of a typical direct acting steam pump in which the present invention is embodied in the pump piston and purnp piston rod, a part of the pump cylinder being broken away to show in section; F ig. 2 is an enlarged detail lon'- gitudinal sectional View of the pump piston and piston rod; Fig. 3 is a transverse detail sectionalview taken as indicated by `line 2;*3. on Fig. 2; F ig. 4 is a soniewhatrreduced yiew taken as indicated by line 4 4 on Fig. 2 5 and Fig. is a transverse detail sectional view Y taken as indicated by line 5--5 on Fig. 2.

Throughout the drawings the numeral l@ designa-tes the pump cylinder in which operates the pump piston 11. The piston 11 is carried on a piston rod 12 `which extends through a suitable packing gland lginfthe inner cylinder head 14 andis attached or coupled at 15 to the piston rod 16 of the steam engine 17. With the construction and arrangement just described, the steam engine 17 is directly connected with the puinp 1;() so that operation ofthe engine causes direct operation of the pump, or reciprocation of the piston 11 in the pump cylinder 10.

The piston 11 is carried on thepreduced outer end portion 2O of the piston rod 12 generally, two flat circular plates 21 and22 carriedconcentrically on the reduced portion of the piston rod; a sleeve 23 carried on therreduced portion hetween the plates 20 and 2l forros aspacer for theplates,packing 24 arranged between the periphery portions of the plates 21 and 22, and a packing expanding mechanism 25 vadapted to be operated to feed or force lthe packing 24 radially outwardly between the plates 21 and 22. The plate 21, which the innermost plate, is preferably Acarried tightly on the reduced portion V2O of the piston rod and is arranged to against the reducing the end portion of the pistonrod. Theplate isslid-` a lycarried on the outer part of the reduced portion 20 and is retained on the re duced portion by nuts which screw thread. onto the end of the reduced portion 20. Y The sleeve 23de slidably carried on 4thereduced portion 2O between the plates 21 and 22 and in the particular forni of the invention illustratedin the drawings is simply Y is to operate and are not important as packing 24. The rings formed at their inner surfaces with projecto the segments.

straight cylindrical sleeve. The nuts 27 are normally Yset sothat the plate 22 bears tightly against the sleeve 23 which in turn bears against the plate 2'1 to hold it tight on thereduced portion 2O and against the shoulder 26. l The packing 24 projects somewhat from the plates 21 and 22 so that it engages the cylinder wall, the plates 21 and 22 preferably being of such size, or diaine ter,- as to opera-te in the cylinder witha slight clearance. rhe packing 24 is capable of being expanded or forced outwardly as wear takes place between it and the cylinder wall. 'The exact construction of the packing 24 or the exact material out of which thepacking is formed will of course depend upon the conditions under which the pump factors which are far as the ,present invention is concerned. Y

The particular packing expanding means which'we illustrate in the drawings comprises, generally, a plurality of expansible rings 3() which carry the packing, a plurality of curved segments 31 which are arranged together to form an expansible body within the rings 30, and curved wedge members 32 arranged between the expansible 4body formed by the segments'31 and the sleeve 23 and adapted to be operated to cause expan-` sion ofsaid body. The rings 30 arepreferably split or ended metal rings which form an effective support or backing 'for the 30 are preferably tions 33 which extend into depressions er recesses in the outer surfaces of the segments 31 to prevent rotation ofthe rings relative The rings 30 are arranged edge to edge and extend between the plates 21 and allow them to operate freely.

` The segments 31, of which there are four in the particular construction illustrated in the drawings, are curved members which when arranged together end to end form a continuous annular body. The inner sur,-

. faces 35'of the segments 31 are curved coning.

centrically with the. body formed by the several segments and extend diagonally between the sides ofthe segments so that the expansible body has a central tapered open- The segments 31 lit between the plates 21 and 22 with .considerable clearance so lthat they can be readily operated in the manner ferred that lugs or projections hereinafter. described. It is pre 36 be provided on the inner face of one of the plates to extend'into recesses 37 1n the segments 31 to hold the segments against rotary move ment yet allow them free radial movement The wedgemenibers 32, of which there are two, are slidably carried on the sleeve, 23 within the exnansible body formed by the segments 31. The wedge sections togethe1 .the segments 31. rlhe outer 22 with just sufficient clearance to4 form a complete annularv wedge adaptedto operate the expansible body Vformed by surfaces 38 of and tapered the wedge parts 32 are curved the inner to conform and eo-operate with surfaces 35 of the segments 31. noted from inspection of the drawings that the wedge parts 32 are considerably shorter then the space between the plates 21 and 22 thus allowing them considerable longitudinal movement on the sleeve 23 and relative to the expansible body formed by the segments 31. It is obvious from inspection of Fi 2 how longitudinal movement ofthe wedge parts 31 in the direction indicated by the arrow in that figure will cause the segments 31 to be forced or wedged outwardly and therefore will cause expansion of the rings 31 and expansion of the packing 24. The extent to which' the various parts can be expanded or moved will, of course, depend upon the angle of the co-,oper ating surfaces 35 and 38 andnpon the extent of movement-of the wedge, parts 32. Further, the force with whichthe parts are wedged or forced outwardly will depend upon the force with which the wedge parts are moved and upon the angle Vor inclina tion of the (fo-operating surfaces35 and `33.

The p iston'rod 12` is formed with `a central longitudinal-opening 40'to carry a rod 41, which upon rotation is adapted to actuate the wedge members 2. The rod 41 is comparatively long` Ain that it extends from within the reduced portion`20 of the piston rod 12 to a point outside of the Vcylinder in which the piston works and preferably to the point of connection 15 between the piston rod 12 and the engine piston rod 16. VVithfn the reduced-portion 2() of the piston rod 12 the end of the' rod 41 engages a thrustV block 42 slidably carried in the opening 40 and adapted to be setin the desired position by a suitable set screw 43. The other Vend of the rod 41 is carried in a plug 44 which screw threads into the opening 40r'at the end of the connecting rod 12. The rod 41 is adapted to'be arranged in the rod12'tlirough the outer end of the opening 40 when the connecting rod 12 is. detached from the connecting rod 16. In the drawings we haveV illustrated the connecting rods 12 and 1.6 as being screw threaded together, one of them being formed with a screw threaded socket45 and the other with a screw lthreaded projection 46 adapted to co-operatc withthe socket 45. `Whenthe rod 41 is in placein the opening 40 and the piston rods 12 and 16 are connected it isA imposible for ittobecome displacedn practice, of course,lthe thrust block 40 and plug 44 are adjusted so that the rod 41 cannot move longitudinally but is free to rotate.

` At the reduced portion 2O thereA is a nut` lll? l mandami-eed.personas of the ma 41.

aj Win te Two pins' or arms 49 extend radiallyffrom the nut 47 from diametrically opposite pdints through slots 50 and 51 formed longitudinally inthe reduced portion 2O and sleeve 23, respectively, and into openings52 inthe Wedge members 32. The arms 49 are slidable'only'longitudinally.in the slots 50 and ings `52. Frornjinspection ofthe drawings noted that thearms 51 do( not eX-l tend completely through vthe openings 52 Ybut that they are sufficiently short that they will not extend .completely through the openings 52 anlthus project from the Wedge members `whenin any positionto which they can be moved. .lt lwill be obvious how the arms 49 being carried'in the slots 50 and 51 hold the nut 47 against rotation lso that rotation of the rod 41 will screyy7 threading of the. nut 47.011 the screw threadedk portion 48 of` the rod and will thus cause longitudinal movement ofjthe 4nut and the arms: I*The direction in which the nut j 47 and arms 49 are movedlongitudinally and the extent to which they aremoved will depend upon 'the direction of rotation of the rod .V41 and the amount of rotationofthe T0441/ At a point '-'outside of theV cylinder 10 and preferably at theendportion ofthe piston rod `12 the opening 40 is formed v r'ith an en-` larged part 58.` In the vdrawlngslvvev have.

shown-the enlargedpart 453.0f the opening x close to the inner end ofthe piston rod. A

Worm gear 54 is mounted fon the reduced end portion 55 of the rod 41 which extends through the enlarged part 53 and into the plug 44. Theworm gear .54 engagespand cooperates With a Wormme-mb'er 56carried on a sha-it o7 which is disposed transversely of Cil ' attached tothe worm gear 54 at 72 and the the rod41 and projectslsomewhat from the rod 41. l The outer p'artofthe shafty57is carried in a' bushing'GOwvhile the inner part is carried in a bore 61 the rod 41. The bushing 60 may bescrew'threadedV into lthe rod 41 at 63 anditmay be provided at `its Vouterpart with a `packing gland 64 for car- The outer `end 65 ofthe rying the shaft 57 .l shaft 57 is preferably squaredor otherwise formed sothat it can be engaged by a key o'r tool when it is desired to rotate the shaft.

The Worm 56 is secured on the Vshaft 57 by a key so thatV rotation of the shaft 57 causeskrotation of the Worm 56 and therefore the Worm gear 54. y

ln accordance with the preferred form of the invention the Worm gear 54 is not fixed on the rod 41, as it is obvious it might be, for the purpose of driving the rod, but lis loose on the rod and is Vconnected With the rod through a helical spring 71. The spring 71 is carried on the rod 41 and has one end other end attached to a screw 73 carried by 51 and are slidable only lradially inthe opennecessarily lcause Y means and `therefore of 'effectively operate the the rod at a point Well spaced from thevvorm gear Aand preferably close to the screw threaded end portion 48. lt Will be obvious howth'e spring 71 when thus attached'to the'worm gear 54 and rod 41 forms a yielding driving connectionV between the` Worm Wheel 54 and shaft 41. It Will be obvious hovv rotation of the shaft 57 .in the proper direction `Will put the spring 71 under strain so that itwill tend to rotate `the rod 41 in a manner to move the nut 47 and arms 49 Vin the direction'indicated by Athe arronT in Fig. 3. The vpitch of the Worm Ygear mechanism comprsing the VWorm 56 and worm gear 54 Astrain or When 'tightened by rotation of the Worin gear through the `Wornivvheel -56 Will cause rotation of the rod 41 to move the arms 49 and thus operate the packing eX- panding means'until the packing engages the cylinder wall in a manner to prevent further operationl of the packing expanding the rod 41. The pressure with which the packing 24 actually engages the cylinder tvall will depend upon the strain under which the spring-71 is put. It is to be particularly noted that the present invention makes possible the use of a pari ticularly long spring 71.Which when under strainwill tend to rotate the shaft With substantially uniform force through a long `wearing period and therefore will cause eX- pansion of the packing with sbstantially uniform force for a. comparatively long time7 in some vinstances from the .time it is newly placed in the piston until itis completely Worn out. y Further with the construction provided bythe present invention although the spring 71 continually tends to operate theV rod 41 so as to cause operationof Vthe packine` expanding mechanism ,the packing expanding mechanism cannot under any circumstances cause reversing of the rod 41 or rotation of the. rod `which would 'allow release or retraction of the packing expanding IneansfA The nut 47 being screw threaded on the rod 41 'makes it possible to easily and packing expanding means from the rod 41 but makes it impossible to operate the rod 41 from the packing expanding means. This is a particularly desirable feature in that the packing expanding means can never release or retract even in the event that the rod 41, spring 71, or other like part of the operating mechanism. just described, should fail.

When the pump is in operation it is generally desirable to keep the spring 71 under strain so that the packing expanding means-will be operated to expand the packing and` compensate 'for all wear between the packing and the cylinder wall. However, under certain conditions or with cer tain packings it may be found desirable to set or adjust theA packing to be under the desired pressure` through the operating mechanism and then release thespring by reversing thev direction of rotation of the shaft57. `Ordinarily, and particularly when the spring 71 is comparatively long one setting of the springV under strain will suiiice to operate the packing expanding' means for a long time in some instances until the packing is 'completely worn away. It is to be particularly noted that the packing cannot only beset or adjusted from outside of the cylinder, in which the 'piston operates but can be operated from one side of the pump or the piston rod where it does not require t-he removal of any part or parts of the pump. It will be obvious that, the arrangement provided by the present invention is far more desirable and advantageous than one wherein the packing may be adjusted from the end of the piston rod or from a point within the cylinder. Having described only a typical embodiment ofour invention we do not wish to limit ourselves to the speciic details hereinabove set forth but wish to reserve to ourselves any changes or variations that may appear to those` skilled in the art or that may tall within the scope ot' thefliollowing* claims.

lglaving described a pr ferred form of our invention, we claim: 1. In combination with a piston, eXp-ansible packing', operating means for expanding the packing, a spring adapted when under strain to tendj to act-nate said means, and a worm gea-r mechanism connected to the spring and adapted to be actuated to put the spring-under strain and of such pitch that it will not be operated by the spring. Y

i2. In combination with a cylinder, a rod extending into the cylinder, and a piston on the rod in the cylinder, expansible packing .carried Vby the piston, a packing operating mechanism adapted to be actuated by linear movement ot one of its parts to expand the packing, a member carried by the rod for rotation only, means actuated by rotation of said member toV cause linear movement of said packing operatingr mechanism part, means operable fromV a point outsideV or' the cylinder to cause rotation ot said member, and a spring operatively connecting said member and said last mentioned means.

3. In combination with a piston, expansible packing, cperating'means for expanding' the packing, a rotatable member, a screw thread connection between thepacking eX- panding' means and said member whereby said means is actuated by rotation fof said member, a. spring connected to said member and adapted when under strain to rotate said member, and a worm gear mechanism connected to said spring and adapted to be actuated to put the springunder strain.

4. ln combination witha piston and piston rod, expansible packing carried bythe piston, a packing operating mechanism adapted to be actuatedby linear movement of one of its parts to expand the packing, va member carried by the piston rod for rotation only, ia 'connecting member engaging said part and being in screw threaded engagement with said rotatable member for linear movement, and means for yieldingly rotating said rotatable member. Y

5. In combinat'on with a pistonand a hollow piston rod, expansible packing carried by the piston, operating means for eX- panding the packing, a member rotatablyV carried in the piston rod and operatively connected with the operating means, and means forrotating said member including` a spring carried on said member and having one end attached to said member. .Y

6. In combination with a piston and a hollow piston rod,` expansible packing carried by thev piston, operating means for eX- pandingy the packing, `a member rotatably carried in the piston vrod and operatively connected with the operating means, and means for rotating said member including a worm y`gear mechanism and a spring'carried` on said member having an end connected to said member and `the other'end connected to the worm gear. mechanism.

l In witness that we claim the 4foregoing we vhave hereunto subscribed our names this 12th day of September 1921.

. f GROVER C. DEAKNS.

. LELAND S, HAMER.

Witness; 4 Vrneiivra4 BERINGER. 

